Betty Torres did her best to be brave as she packed up to leave her working-class Texas border town. An academic powerhouse at 16, she felt ready for her summer courses at elite colleges in New England and the Midwest. But when her dad left her at the airport in San Antonio, she crumpled a little inside.
鈥淗e waited in the airport until I got through security. I could see him from the other side. And I went, 鈥極h, no, Dad, don鈥檛 leave me!鈥� 鈥� the rising high school senior recalled, putting her hand on her heart and laughing. 鈥淚 started having second thoughts.鈥�
Second thoughts like: How am I going to do this? I鈥檓 a Latina from a humble family; will I fit in? Can I handle the workload? Will I get lost?
Eating breakfast in a noisy dining hall at the University of Notre Dame the following week, in late June, Betty had regained her trademark cheerful composure. The aspiring neurologist had already conquered a weeklong college course in medical research at Brown University in Providence, R.I., where she delighted in dissecting fruit flies and flatworms. Now, she was dipping her toe into the second: a two-week immersion in astronomy at Notre Dame, where she was geeking out over decimal points of mass, force, and inertia, and dragging herself out of bed for nighttime stargazing.
In less than two weeks, Betty had traveled 3,000 miles, navigating big, confusing airport terminals and hailing shuttles and cabs by herself. The girl who鈥檇 never spent a night away from her parents had cracked the codes of campus maps, zigzagging from dorm rooms to classrooms.
She was up early, busy constantly, and totally on top of her studies. OK, so there were some little stabs of homesickness. But they softened in the tumult and triumph of her summer college experiences.
鈥淎t first, I was completely terrified,鈥� Betty said of her arrival at Brown, and then Notre Dame. 鈥淚 was thrown out there and I made the best of it. I feel good. I see that I can do it.鈥�
Building Confidence
Top high school students have long ventured onto campuses across the country in the summer to get a taste of college life and real college coursework. While those trips have been a staple of affluent families鈥� college-prep agendas, many high schools and colleges are trying harder to include students who might need a bit of extra help in planning for college and adjusting to campus life: those like Betty, with little or no history of college-going in their families.
Many summer programs aim to build weak academic muscles, to help students avoid the remedial classes that can slow or stall their college progress. Others, like the ones Betty attended this summer, are designed to let academic stars soar. Both kinds of programs also aim to nourish teenagers鈥� college aspirations and plans and give them early practice with the time-management and self-advocacy skills that can sink some freshmen.
Research shows that summer programs can boost the chances that students will apply to, and enroll in, college, that they鈥檒l perform better when they get there, and that they鈥檒l be less likely to bail out after their freshman year. Students who attend summer programs are more likely to have good study skills and more faith that they can handle college.
鈥淒oing better academically can be influenced by having more confidence, a familiarity with campus life,鈥� said Elisabeth A. Barnett, who鈥檚 studied the transition to college as a senior research associate at the Community College Research Center at Columbia University.
鈥淕etting that experience early, with the support of people who are helping you find your way, can be particularly important for students who are the first in their families to go to college,鈥� she added.
Betty will be the first in her family to earn a bachelor鈥檚 degree and the first to leave home for college. Her r茅sum茅 shows she鈥檚 been getting ready: a 4.0 grade point average at her high-flying charter school, IDEA College Preparatory, in Mission, Texas. Five Advanced Placement classes finished and five more on the runway. She also tutors for the National Honor Society, volunteers at the library, and plays Spanish classical guitar.
But a tangle of worries buzzed in her head as she got ready to board a plane for Brown. There were the universal ones: Would she make friends? Would she be able to find her way around?
And there were jitters more specific to Betty and her life tapestry. How would she feel on campuses that are bastions of wealth and privilege, dominated by white faces? Her American-born mother, a homemaker, never finished high school. Her father, born in Mexico, holds an associate鈥檚 degree and manages a Best Buy store. Her arrival at Notre Dame only confirmed her anxiety.
鈥淚t seems like everyone I talk to here, their parents have Ph.D.s,鈥� she said. 鈥淭hey have a good foundation, parents they can ask questions of. My mom never finished high school.鈥�
鈥楪o For the Best鈥�
Betty is troubled, too, by the feeling that she鈥檒l be abandoning her family responsibilities when she goes away to college. She helps take care of her older sister, who has autism. She makes sure her baby sister is dressed and her younger brother gets off to school. Who will do those things when she goes away?
鈥淏etty understands how the trajectory of her family鈥檚 life may change with her seeking a higher education,鈥� said Arianna Robles, the college counselor at Betty鈥檚 high school.
Betty鈥檚 father, Antonio Torres, wishes he could vaporize those worries. Sure, he and his wife, Beatrice, haven鈥檛 exactly rested easy since Betty left; they were worried sick when she missed a shuttle connection to campus and caught a ride with someone she barely knew. They constantly check their cellphones for updates, even though dutiful Betty calls daily.
But they鈥檙e getting used to this new reality and don鈥檛 want it to hinder their daughter鈥檚 college dreams.
鈥淪he told me, 鈥極h, maybe I shouldn鈥檛 go,鈥� and I told her, you need to go for the best you can be. You鈥檒l never know what you could be if you don鈥檛 go for it,鈥� Torres said.
That鈥檚 the message Betty鈥檚 been getting at her school, too, since 6th grade. The IDEA charter school network, which serves 24,000 students in 44 Texas schools, takes a 鈥渨hite glove鈥� approach to college counseling. With a 30-to-1 student-counselor ratio, the college-mindset drumbeat starts early and grows louder as students progress through school.
By their junior year, they鈥檙e researching colleges to find the best fit and taking bus trips to campuses. Betty and her classmates have already walked the quads of Northwestern University and the University of Chicago, Tulane University, and Louisiana State University. Sixty percent attend summer college programs, which IDEA finances with a federal grant. 100 percent are accepted to college, and 99 percent enroll.
Overall, IDEA charter students apply to schools that are a good academic match for them, but a common speed bump arises from their Rio Grande Valley demographic, said Sari Wilson, the director of IDEA鈥檚 Collegiate Summer Away Program.
鈥淪ince most come from a rural area, our biggest push is to get them to actually enroll and set foot on campus,鈥� Wilson said. 鈥淥ften, they don鈥檛 feel comfortable, like they belong.鈥� Summer programs can show the students 鈥渢hat they can and will succeed if they go to those schools,鈥� she said.
Seeking a 鈥楩it鈥�
Betty鈥檚 experiences at Brown and Notre Dame have shown her that she certainly can feel at home in the halls of academia; she鈥檚 done well in these credit-bearing classes. But they鈥檝e also shown her how much a university鈥檚 style and student population can make a difference in her sense of belonging.
At Brown, she was part of a stew of young people from many walks of life and racial and ethnic backgrounds. The university鈥檚 various clubs held 鈥渨orkshops鈥� to give the teenagers a taste of campus life. Betty was dazzled by the discussions about politics and values, Brown鈥檚 freewheeling energy, its celebration of multiculturalism.
鈥淥ne of the [workshops] I went to was by the Latino organization,鈥� she said. 鈥淲e talked about our experiences, about the discrimination we face, and how to turn it to something positive. We danced. We ate pan dulce. I loved it.鈥�
At Notre Dame, she felt a little out of place, with few nonwhite faces around her. She loved the challenge of her astronomy class and enjoyed the nonacademic parts of the program, too, such as a visit to a nearby residential program for students with special needs, where all the young people shared pizza and karaoke.
Betty found Notre Dame鈥檚 students and staff friendly, but she didn鈥檛 feel she clicked as well with the university鈥檚 more structured, reserved sensibility. It鈥檚 clear that the two contrasting experiences are seeping into her college thinking. A diverse student body will also be very important to her, she said.
Paulette Curtis is intensely aware the role diversity plays in prospective students鈥� thinking. As the supervisor of Notre Dame鈥檚 pre-college programs, she is working to include more minority, low-income, and first-generation students. She knows the $3,400 price tag of the Summer Scholars Program, which Betty attended, keeps many high-achieving, underrepresented students outside the door.
Notre Dame can afford full or partial scholarships for fewer than 50 of the 300-plus high school students who do two-week dives into global health, poverty, Russian literature, archaeology, and other topics here during the Summer Scholars program, she said. Outside organizations finance the cost for only a few more.
It pains her, because she believes programs like this provide a powerful kind of college preparation, especially for students whose families or high schools can鈥檛.
鈥淭he program is really about developing the sensibility for college,鈥� Curtis said. 鈥淲hat does college-level thinking require? What does it mean to be responsible for yourself? Many of these kids find it hard to wake up at 7:30, and they want to be walked to class. We鈥檙e trying to help them learn to manage their workload along with all the other things we have them doing and offering them a more intensive academic experience than they鈥檇 get in high school.鈥�
Betty agrees enthusiastically that she experienced those things this summer. And she said they enriched and expanded her world and made her feel more ready to travel far from home as a college student a year from now.
鈥淚n the [Rio Grande] Valley, it鈥檚 kind of a bubble,鈥� she said. 鈥淚 want to be free of that and experience the world for what it really is. Being so far away for a while, doing all of the things at Brown and Notre Dame gets me more excited for that and see that it really can happen.鈥�
