As educators, we weep for our extended family in Chardon, Ohio: students, parents, teachers, counselors, administrators, law-enforcement personnel, and so many others. They are all now stricken with heart-wrenching pain and haunted by questions of what possibly could have been done to prevent the tragic deaths of three students who were shot Feb. 27 at Chardon High School. We can鈥檛 help but put ourselves into the same situation and ask ourselves if it could happen to us. Sadly, the answer is, of course, yes.
That is why our only recourse in such times is to constantly reassess our efforts to reach and teach the children with whom we have been entrusted.
Before my life in education, much of my career was dedicated to preventing the unexpected. As an Air Force officer, I led a front-line fighter squadron during the Cold War, and our work was always dangerous. My daily goal always was to prevent an accident, even as we trained to be combat-ready 24/7. Therefore, I encouraged every flyer in my unit to talk freely about mistakes, close calls, and other fears so that we could all learn from each other and improve our chances of staying safe.
By Stephen Sroka
You hear it again and again after a school shooting: 鈥淚 can鈥檛 believe this happened in my community.鈥� People have been saying this since before the mass shooting at Columbine High School in 1999, and they said it again after a teenager shot and killed three of his fellow students in Chardon, Ohio. As many of us know, it can happen anywhere, at any time. But schools are not powerless. As a speaker and consultant on school violence, I submit the following:
鈥� Denial remains a huge issue. Denial often comes down to wishful thinking and the fact that nothing bad has happened 鈥渉ere,鈥� yet. Awareness, education, and advocacy can help break down this attitude. Schools and districts need to have an emergency plan of action in place for students, staff, and parents. It should be both practiced and proactive. Practice drills are crucial. Denial allows violence to grow unseen. Preparation allows violence to be dealt with as soon as it is seen.
鈥� Social media changes the playing field. Texts, tweets, and Facebook posts offer instant information鈥攁nd misinformation. Before problems occur, students need to be part of a dialogue with parents and educators about how schools can responsibly use social media to make schools safer. Social media may prove to be one of the best new tools to help keep our schools safe and parents informed, and to encourage students to take ownership of their schools and education.
鈥� Bullying is a symptom; mental health is the issue. Some experts today do not see bullying as a cause, but rather as a symptom of a mental-health problem. Mental illness, depression, suicidal ideation, anxiety, anger, family violence, and substance abuse are often at the root of destructive behaviors. We need to treat the illness, not the symptom.
鈥� Building relationships is the key. We don鈥檛 need more metal detectors, we need more student detectors. The Secret Service has found that school shooters usually tell other kids, but not adults. Adults trusted by kids may be given life-saving information. You cannot mandate kindness, but you can nurture it by building relationships with communication, collaboration, cultural awareness, and caring.
鈥� When kindness fails, you need to be able to be aggressive and forceful. Gone are the days of Columbine when police waited for hours to enter the school. Police and community emergency-response teams must be trained for rapid response.
鈥� Healing is personal. Schools need to be prepared to deal with the consequences of violence immediately and long after the incident. Where some people need to process the grief right away, others need to be left alone. Grief has no specific timeline.
鈥� There are no guarantees. Today, we are better prepared to deal with and prevent school violence than we were in the days of Columbine. There still is no guarantee that our schools will be violence-free, but there are intelligent alternatives to reduce the risks. It鈥檚 time for all schools to explore these alternatives.
Stephen Sroka is an adjunct assistant professor at the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, in Cleveland, and the president of Health Education Consultants, a for-profit company in Lakewood, Ohio. He has worked on school violence issues for more than 30 years. He can be reached at drssroka@aol.com.
Every Friday afternoon, I would call my pilots to a meeting in our squadron pub. To start things rolling, I would put a dollar on the bar and confess to a mistake or close call that I鈥檇 had earlier that week. Then, the younger pilots would take turns putting their dollars on the bar and sharing their own stories and concerns. So, each week, we all learned from one another and usually collected enough money to cover our tab.
Civilian life has been no less eye-opening. The Chardon shootings reminded me of several alarming incidents that occurred in the public schools for which I had been responsible. Over my 10 years in the role of K-12 superintendent of a charter school system in Colorado, in a district not too far from Columbine High School, I encountered both students and teachers who wanted to kill themselves, students who threatened to blow up their school, and adults who had to be banned from our campuses for inappropriate behavior. Mercifully, though, we did manage to avoid tragedy. How?
Well, I give credit to our constant efforts to create a school culture of caring and openness. With that in mind, we integrated character education fully into our curriculum, and we rolled it out across every grade level. As a result, everywhere that our 3,000-plus students turned while at school, they were met by people and experiences that encouraged them to be better human beings鈥攐nes more willing to help each other and to be engaged, caring citizens.
Our schools鈥� mantra was 鈥淐atch 鈥榚m doing something good!鈥� Toward that end, I encouraged every employee to let me know when a student or teacher had done something positive. In response, I wrote hundreds of letters and emails each semester to thank and congratulate these do-gooder students and to make sure they knew that their efforts had not gone unnoticed and were very much appreciated.
This simple practice always seemed to make a difference. One student told me that she had put my note of encouragement on her bedroom wall to remind her that someone actually cared. To underscore this message, at the start of each school year, I would let my teachers know that I would be asking every student the same question: 鈥淲ho at this school cares that you succeed?鈥� If they couldn鈥檛 give me a name, then I would know we had a problem.
With that in mind, I truly believe that the best chance any of us has of preventing future school tragedies is to know our students and know each other so well that we can 鈥渇eel鈥� when such incidents might be possible. Lots of communication. Lots of meaningful relationships between coaches, teachers, students, and parents. Such collaborative efforts can go a long way toward helping us identify people who are not well and are acting irrationally. And once warning signs are detected, they need to spur swift and decisive action.
I truly believe that the best chance any of us has of preventing future school tragedies is to know our students and know each other so well that we can 'feel' when such incidents might be possible."
At one of the schools I oversaw, we seized the opportunity when a group of adolescent boys used the 鈥渘-word鈥� with one of our young ladies of color. We immediately gathered our 500 high school students in the gym and told them that we do not tolerate that kind of abusive language in our schools. I asked students to raise their hands if they had ever heard such abuse within our walls. Over 100 raised their hands. I said, 鈥淔irst, you need to go to your principal and confess that you have tolerated this and that you are sorry.鈥� Looking ahead, I asked them to please have the courage to say something when they hear or see our school culture being degraded.
鈥淲hat we tolerate is what we become,鈥� I added.
Our school system was not perfect. But I am convinced that our commitment to character education greatly reduced the risk of tragedy. In partnership, students, teachers, administrators, and parents all were encouraged to share and to engage with those not living by the intentional school culture. After all, if we, as leaders in our classrooms, schools, and families are not shaping the culture for our children, then someone else will.
