ALSO OF NOTE
A detailed history of the state鈥檚 Abbott v. Burke education adequacy case.
Scholars and researchers weigh in on the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study.
A directory of 250 programs organized by type and state.
Lesson plans for using the motivational series in teaching language arts and character.
TEACHING
Two women, both professional writers, reflect on the highs and lows of teaching from their very different perspectives in two memoirs, The Emergency Teacher, by Christina Asquith, and Notes From a Classroom, by Kay McSpadden. Asquith was a young journalist with a passion for education when she responded to Philadelphia鈥檚 plea for teachers, choosing a position at a run-down middle school in the inner city. In her book, which she self-published previously, she recounts her struggles as a novice teacher working without textbooks, a curriculum, or support from her school鈥檚 administration. Her first year of teaching would prove to be her only; now a freelance reporter, she spent 18 months in Iraq covering the rebuilding of its education system. McSpadden, in contrast, is a 30-year teaching veteran, as well as a nine-year community columnist for The Charlotte Observer, in Charlotte, N.C. Much of her career has been devoted to teaching high school English in rural South Carolina, an experience, she writes, that has given her lessons in both joy and humility. A selection of her columns, McSpadden鈥檚 book reveals her life as an educator, her love-hate relationship with adolescents, and her thoughts on literature. Together, the two works highlight issues common to a wide swath of teachers.
鈥淐an I really teach without any experience?鈥� I asked Eppy, the recruiter for the Philadelphia school district. Most districts require new teachers to have graduated with a bachelor鈥檚 degree in education from a four-year college. Additionally, aspiring teachers had to log at least 40 hours in the classroom training alongside a real teacher.
Eppy waved my concerns away. 鈥淏elieve me, we need you more than you need us,鈥� he said. 鈥�
We spent about two hours together on that first day, and by the end Eppy convinced me to take middle school. He warned me to hurry with my application forms, though, because it was already July.
鈥淚t鈥檚 not the 11th hour, Christina. It鈥檚 quarter to 12.鈥濃��
At 25, I was full of determination to change the world and make a difference. A year as an inner-city teacher would be a chance to help children in need. Why were inner-city schools failing? Maybe I鈥檇 find the solutions, perhaps even write about it afterward. But I鈥檇 worry about that part later. I hadn鈥檛 been in middle school in more than a decade. I didn鈥檛 even know any 12-year-olds. The school district wasn鈥檛 really going to let me do this 鈥� were they?
鈥擣谤辞尘 The Emergency Teacher: The Inspirational Story of a New Teacher in an Inner-City School by Christina Asquith (Skyhorse, ; 232 pp., $24.95 hardback).
Among those teachers gearing up for a new year are a special group of people, many of them born the year I started teaching. These young people are not yet teachers, though they have diplomas which indicate their mastery of special curricula and the certificates required by the state examiners. This morning as they meet their fellow faculty members and sit in meetings or put up posters on their very own classroom walls, they may at times feel like impostors. They worry about living on a teacher鈥檚 salary, making friends in a new city, staying alive the first day that those now-empty classrooms teem with squirmy kids. They try to peer into the future to see what they should do, how they can become real teachers鈥攏ot just in name only.
I have never been very good at looking into the future, but my hindsight is 20/20. I can see with startling clarity every misstep, every wrong turn, every bad decision in my past. My mistakes have become channel markers and constellations to help me navigate my own teaching career. Surely my gifted backwards clairvoyance can benefit any novice teachers who may feel at sea.
鈥擣谤辞尘 Notes From a Classroom: Reflections on Teaching by Kay McSpadden (Stampley, ; 336 pp., $22.95 hardback).
CULTURAL LITERACY
The debate over whether to teach about religion in public schools is moot, says Moore, a professor at the Harvard Divinity School and the director of its program in religion and secondary education. Teachers, perhaps unintentionally, already interject their beliefs and biases in everyday lessons. Moreover, she continues, given the United States鈥� diversity, its involvement abroad, and the culture wars at home, not to mention religion鈥檚 long-standing role in the arts and history, it is essential that all students gain at minimum a basic understanding of the world鈥檚 major religions. The real question, she asserts, is not whether religions should be taught, but how. Her answer frames the second half of the book, and is based on her high school teaching experience. Taking as a case study an 鈥淚slamic Cultural Studies鈥� course, Moore discusses practical matters in teaching about religion, such as getting classroom dynamics right. For the vast majority of educators, who do not teach courses on religion alone, she also offers advice on including the subject in other classes in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences. Her blending of theory and action may be welcome to those seeking direction in a murky area.
Much of the conversation on science education emphasizes the need to increase the number of scientists and engineers in the workforce, to maintain the United States鈥� competitiveness in a globalized economy. Less is said about science education for the majority of students who have no intention of entering the field. But at a time when issues such as global warming and stem-cell research dominate headlines and influence elections, the scientific knowledge of the average citizen cannot be overlooked, argues Trefil, a physics professor at George Mason University and a co-author of The Dictionary of Cultural Literacy. Writing in the spirit of that earlier work, he describes in this book what 鈥渟cientific literacy鈥� comprises, explains its importance, and gives guidance on how to impart it to students. He also examines how science education in the United States has evolved, and suggests ways it could be improved, from the elementary through the collegiate levels. More a plan for building on science education鈥檚 strengths than a call for radical change, the book, written for the scientific layman, takes a democratic approach to a topic often focused on those at the top.
SCHOOL CHOICE
When buying a house, it鈥檚 a good idea to search in well-to-do neighborhoods, because their schools provide a high-quality education, right? Not so, say the authors of this book, three fellows at the Pacific Research Institute. They analyze standardized-test results in some of California鈥檚 wealthier communities, where average house prices can range from $200,000 to over $1 million, and discover that in 284 schools, more than half the students in at least one grade level score below proficient in English or math. (An accompanying pullout breaks down data for each school in areas such as level of education attained by parents and percentage of teachers with emergency credentials.) In addition, their research shows that significant numbers of middle-class high school students are not college-ready when they graduate. The authors consider reasons for the disparities in perceived and actual performance, such as fiscal mismanagement and collective bargaining agreements, and propose as a solution the expansion of school choice from the cities to the suburbs. Though based on California鈥檚 experience, their arguments are ones that advocates of wider options in education could see as equally applicable nationally.
