New school bonds will help pay for computing devices and internet connectivity that schools from California to Texas to New Hampshire need to continue remote learning during the coronavirus pandemic.
Among the measures approved by voters earlier this month:
- A from the San Antonio, Texas, school district, the largest school bond in the city鈥檚 history, that includes $90 million to help pay for high-speed internet, student computers, interactive smartboards, and new audio systems for public school classrooms.
- The , from the Dallas Independent School District, whose voters approved $3.2 billion for school construction and $270 million in technology upgrades, but rejected proposals to issue new debt to renovate athletic stadiums and performing arts facilities.
- A by the Los Angeles Unified School District, including $405 million to 鈥渇urnish and equip schools with 21st century learning technologies and upgrade/install technology infrastructure, information systems, hardware, and software.鈥�
School-finance experts have long questioned the wisdom of districts issuing long-term debt to fund the purchase of devices and other equipment that have a short shelf life. Some school-technology leaders also worry that restrictive language in bond measures may leave districts without the flexibility to adapt as circumstances change and new technologies become available.
But Grayson Nichols, a bond analyst at Moody鈥檚, said districts have adapted by shortening the repayment term on debt for school technology to match the life cycle of the technology being purchased. And with poor districts poised to lose millions in state funding due to the coronavirus recession, some see bonds as an appealing option to keep money flowing for essential needs, especially with interest rates at historic lows.
In the 49,000-student San Antonio school system, Chief Information Officer Kenneth Thompson said his district鈥檚 new funding steam will be essential to meet long-term student needs, as well as continue remote learning through at least the current school year.
鈥淭his is going to position us for the remainder of this pandemic,鈥� Thompson said. 鈥淏ut it鈥檚 also about sustainability.鈥�
Districts Update Their Plans
Some school districts around the country are using already-approved bond money to help pay for new technology to ease the burdens of remote learning.
Last February, for example, voters in Oklahoma鈥檚 19,000-student Putnam City School District , the largest in the city鈥檚 history. Some of that money is being used to refresh the devices already distributed to each of the district鈥檚 elementary and middle school students, as well as to put 1-to-1 computing programs in the local high schools.
And back in 2014, New York state passed the $2 billion Smart Schools Bond Act to help schools upgrade their classroom technology and broadband infrastructure. in July for 148 different district plans. A little over half of the newly released money will go to classroom technology, while another $25 million was earmarked for 鈥渉igh-tech security鈥� (a spending bucket that has sparked past fights over the use of facial recognition systems in New York schools.)
As for bond measures that voters approved Nov. 3, planning began months or even years before schools closed their physical buildings in March to help slow the spread of COVID-19. But some districts changed the specifics of their pitches to voters to reflect the new reality of widespread remote and hybrid instruction.
In San Antonio, for example, Thompson said his district added new audio systems from a company called into its plan in order to ensure that students following live lessons remotely via their devices at home can hear as their teachers move around the classroom.
鈥淭he pandemic has brought some additional instructional components that we had not originally planned for,鈥� he said.
Reasons for Concern
Comprehensive empirical data on November bond measures is hard to come by, but anecdotally, voters across the country seemed open to taking on new bond debt for new school technology.
In Dallas, for example, 62 percent of voters , but 52 percent voted in favor of a separate proposition to spend $270 on school technology improvements.
In Manchester, N.H., meanwhile, the mayor and local aldermen in August shot down the district鈥檚 request for new construction bonds, but overwhelmingly for technology improvements.
In California, meanwhile, roughly two-thirds of the 60 district bond measures on the ballot passed, according to an . Several of those included big line items for school technology, such as in Los Angeles. It featured hundreds of millions of dollars for new computers and other tech investments and passed with 71 percent of the vote.
鈥淭he students are the real winners today,鈥� Los Angeles schools superintendent Austin Beutner said in a post-election statement. 鈥淏ecause of voter support, and the support of labor, business, and community leaders, more students will get access to safe and updated schools and learning technology.鈥�
But as much as any place in the country, Los Angeles highlights the potential pitfalls associated with bond-funded technology measures. In 2015, the district green-lighted a half-billion-dollar plan to give every student an iPad, an effort that ended in multiple resignations by senior staff, as well as investigations by the FBI and the Security and Exchange Commission (no criminal charges were ultimately filed.)
Douglas Levin, the president of the consulting group EdTech Strategies and the former head of the State Educational Technology Directors Association, cautioned that bond programs can lock districts into suboptimal or even obsolete technology. The interest associated with bond debt can also add millions to an initiative鈥檚 price tag, as can unanticipated costs for things like technical support, cybersecurity, and staff training.
鈥淭here is good reason to be skeptical,鈥� said Levin, who argued that many technology-related expenditures should be part of districts鈥� routine operational costs.
Another consideration: If districts are considering bonded debt to pay for technology, they need to be mindful of not just their future technology costs, but also their total debt limit and their ongoing capital expenses, said Brian O鈥橩eefe, the assistant superintendent of finance for Arbor Parks School District 145 in Oak Forest, Ill.
鈥淏y issuing debt [for technology] today, you could inhibit yourself from building a new school or new addition in the future,鈥� O鈥橩eefe said.
Image: Getty