Arkansas must spend nearly $2.3 billion to improve school buildings, a study issued last week says, setting up a legislative battle that could determine how schools and school districts are configured in the state for years to come.
The report, is available online from the . ()
The facilities study, released by a task force appointed by state lawmakers, is a guide for legislators as they start debate on how much to spend, and how to distribute any new money, to improve public school campuses. While some state leaders were surprised at the high price tag set by the task force, others said the amount would cover virtually all legitimate school building needs.
鈥淚 think it鈥檚 doable, but I think it鈥檚 not going to be done overnight,鈥� said Sen. Shane Broadway, a Democrat who co-chaired the state鈥檚 legislative committee on school facilities. His committee appointed the panel that issued the Nov. 30 report.
Sen. Broadway acknowledged that the plan could take a decade or more to implement, and he said that the state might be able to rely on economic growth and some existing funds to pay for the recommended work. A new sales tax or other funding mechanism, he added, would be a last resort.
The study calls for about $86.7 million in emergency repairs, which some lawmakers say can be done fairly quickly and would be relatively affordable. But the next step carries a much heftier price tag: $1.67 billion in other renovations and repairs that involve the regular functions of schools, such as electrical wiring and air-conditioning systems.
In addition, the study found a need for $110.6 million in less immediate building improvements, and nearly $407 million in less critical changes to campuses, such as new cabinets and paving.
Lawmakers began committee meetings last week to address the school facilities report. The Arkansas Supreme Court ordered the state to address school building needs in its Lake View v. Huckabee ruling in 2002, which also forced an overhaul of the state鈥檚 school finance system. (鈥淐ourt Orders Arkansas To Fix K-12 Funding,鈥� Dec. 4, 2002.)
Debate Begins
Gov. Mike Huckabee, a Republican, said in an October interview that the state could not afford a school construction plan in the billions of dollars. Last week, the governor called the $2.3 billion price tag 鈥渟taggering,鈥� but praised the facilities study as meticulous. The state can spread the costs over time and use an estimated $118 million in a general state improvement fund to pay for school repairs, he said.
Earlier, in the October interview, Mr. Huckabee also suggested that Arkansas might need to create school designs that could be replicated across the state as a way to save money. 鈥淣ot immediately, but I think over time there will be a move toward a more predictable design [of schools],鈥� he said. 鈥淲hat we鈥檙e going to have to build for is function.鈥�
But task force members rejected that recommendation earlier this year.
State leaders might find it easier to agree on increasing the state鈥檚 role in planning and paying for school facility work.
Arkansas pays about 40 percent of school building costs, said Kellar Noggle, the executive director of the Arkansas Association of Educational Administrators.
He is optimistic that lawmakers are serious about following the court order to improve facilities, but concedes that local taxpayers will still have to help. 鈥淭he burden is going to continue to reside a great deal at the local level,鈥� he said, 鈥渁nd the state is going to put more in, and they鈥檙e going to do it at a much greater level of equity.鈥�
The day after the study was unveiled, Sen. Broadway and a Republican colleague, Sen. Dave A. Bisbee, proposed some new steps for financing school facilities.
Mr. Broadway said he would start with the $86 million in emergency needs, and wants the state education department to consult with school districts on their next priorities.
Rural education leaders said they hoped the facilities study would encourage the state to provide better buildings, but were fearful the plan would lead the legislature to push indirectly for more school consolidations. Many small communities continue to reel from the state鈥檚 requirement that 57 small districts merge with others in that group or with larger neighbors this past summer. (鈥淎rranged Marriage,鈥� Nov. 24, 2004.)
More Mergers?
Jimmy Cunningham, the president of the Arkansas Rural Education Association, said he also dislikes the governor鈥檚 idea of look-alike buildings.
鈥淣o one wants the same color car, the same truck, and we certainly don鈥檛 want our schools to look the same,鈥� he said of the prototype-schools proposal.
Sen. Bisbee said publicly last week that he expected the consolidation battle to resume when the 2005 legislative session begins in January. Meanwhile, Sen. Broadway tried to temper worries about more consolidations, saying last week that most future school or district mergers would happen as funding and enrollment declines require them.
Others stressed a need to focus on local control of decisions.
Douglas C. Eaton, the director of facilities services for the 25,000-student Little Rock schools, said he generally agreed with the task force鈥檚 call for $111 million in new spending on his district, the state鈥檚 largest. Mr. Eaton said he wants the state鈥檚 future standards for school buildings to allow districts to request waivers as necessary.
